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Communism in Sumatra has historically had an influence in the politics and society of Sumatra. Padang, Pariaman, Silungkang, Sawah Lunto, Alahan Panjang, and Suliki of West Sumatra have been cited as an area which was particular active in communism. ==History== In May 1914, Hendricus Sneevliet (alias Maring) established the Indies Social-Democratic Association (ISDV), which became the Communist Association of the Indies (Perserikatan Komunisi di Hindia) in May 1920 and the Communist Party of Indonesia (PKI) in 1924.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=THE GROWTH OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS )〕 Backed by the Communist International (Cominterm) in Moscow, the PKI became active among trade unionists and rural villagers in Sumatra. In 1926 and 1927, despite advice by Tan Malaka, a Comintern agent from Sumatra, to the contrary, local leaders instigated rural insurrections in western Java and Sumatra.〔 The government moved decisively to crush the insurrections and imprison communist leaders.〔 Some, like Tan Malaka, fled into exile. But 1,300 communists were exiled to the grim Boven Digul penal colony in West New Guinea.〔 The PKI all but disappeared, not to be an important actor on the political stage until after independence.〔 Perhaps the most prominent outbreak was the 1927 Communist Uprising in Sumatra. When the Japanese invaded Sumatra in 1945, the Communist party in North Sumatra refrained from joining in the resistance against the Japanese. Incidentally, Hadji Abdullah Ahmad, a noted anti-communist and religious leader was from the Minangkabau Highlands, where communism was active. Numerous examples of anti-communist resentment also occurred, for instance during the Indonesian killings of 1965–1966, PKI-organised squatters' movements and campaigns against foreign businesses in Sumatra's plantations provoked quick reprisals against Communists. Repression against alleged PKI members and sympathizers continued for several years. As late as 1976 mass lay-offs of former members of the communist plantation workers' union Sarbupri members took place in Sumatra, actions motivated by the communist past of these individuals.〔Stoler, Ann Laura. ''(Capitalism and Confrontation in Sumatra's Plantation Belt, 1870-1979 )''. Ann Arbor, Mich: The University of Michigan Press, 1995. pp. 163-164〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Communism in Sumatra」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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